Short for stone plastic composite, SPC is designed to identically replicate traditional flooring materials such as stone, ceramic, or wood, yet provide many more practical benefits as you will see later on in the article. Using realistic photographic prints along with a clear, vinyl top layer, SPC opens the door to a wide variety of design concepts.
SPC flooring is generally comprised of the five following layers in mind:
UV coating—mainly used to cover the color film on SPC vinyl flooring to make it anti-fading to sunlight near a window or any other indoor environment. Antibacterial agents can be added to UV to make SPC floor surfaces resistant to conventional bacteria such as E. coli.
Wear Layer — Playing a crucial role in the lifespan of your tiles, this layer uses clear coatings such as aluminum oxide that will keep your floor from rapidly wearing.
Vinyl Top Layer — Certain premium types of SPC come manufactured with realistic, 3D visuals that can be installed to identically resemble stone, ceramic, or wood.
Rigid Core — The core layer is where you get the most bang for your buck. Here, you will find a high density, yet stable waterproof center that provides rigidity and stability to the plank.
Backing Layer — Otherwise known as the flooring’s backbone, this layer provides your planks with added sound installation, as well as being naturally resistant to mold and mildew.
To go the extra mile in understanding SPC flooring, let’s take a look at how it’s made. SPC is manufactured through the following six primary processes.
Mixing
To begin, a combination of raw materials is placed into a mixing machine. Once inside, the raw materials are heated up to 125 – 130 degrees Celsius in order to remove any water vapor inside the material. Once complete, the material is then cooled inside the mixing machine to prevent the occurrence of early plasticization or processing auxiliary decomposition.
Extrusion
Moving from the mixing machine, the raw material then goes through an extrusion process. Here, temperature control is crucial in order for the material to plasticize correctly. The material is run through five zones, with the first two being the hottest (around 200 degrees Celsius) and slowly declining throughout the remaining three zones.
Calendaring
Once the material is fully plasticized into a mold, it is then time for the material to begin a process known as calendaring. Here, a series of heated rollers are used to compound the mold into a continuous sheet. By manipulating the rolls, the width and thickness of the sheet can be controlled with precise accuracy and consistency. Once the desired thickness is reached, it is then embossed under heat and pressure. Engraved rollers apply the textured design onto the face of the product which can be a light “tick” or a “deep” emboss. The pressed pattern of the plate will slowly pass through the conveyor belt to the front of the production line to cut into a large board according to the final demand
Stablish
The main reason why SPC floors need to be cured for 24- 48 hours after extrusion are to ensure the stability and quality of the floor substrate. During the production process of SPC flooring, the extruded floor base material needs to be cured. Stablish refers to allowing the floor substrate to cure naturally under certain temperature and humidity conditions to achieve optimal physical and chemical properties. This process usually takes 24 to 48 hours to ensure that the stress inside the floor substrate is released and avoids problems such as deformation or cracking during use
UV Coating
A UV coating is a surface treatment that either is cured by ultraviolet radiation, or which protects the underlying material from such radiation’s harmful effects.
When the physical properties of the large board are completely stable, the dust on the surface is first cleaned by the air blast system and then through the brush device, there are two times UV painting and twice drying during coating
The main reasons for UV coating on SPC flooring (Rigid core plank) are as follows:
To enhance the surface wear-resistance feature, The UV coating is another shield for the top layer of SPC flooring, it contains ceramic components and makes the surface scratch – resistant to different damage.
The UV coating also mainly used to cover the decor film on SPC vinyl flooring to make it anti-fading to sunlight near a window or any other indoor environment.
Another reason for UV coating is that the UV painting can adjust the shinning degree of the flooring surface, the flooring surface after extrusion is little shinning and looks un-comfortable, but after UV coating processing the degree of light reflecting on the flooring surface can be perfectly adjusted to 2-4 or 5-7 degree, and make the decor of SPC flooring looks very real and elegant as solid wood.
Cutting and Slotting
The large board will cut into the required width and then slotting the click as demand, At the same time, the bevel will complete and printing the production date and color code on the click during slotting
Bevel painted
A painted bevel has a thin strip of paint applied to the beveled edges of the plank, creating a subtle shadow line and a more realistic look, it only used for V groove bevel
Underlay
We use eco-friendly hot glue to attach underlay of different materials to the back of the floor, underlay helps to absorb impact and reduce noise transmission, making your SPC flooring quieter and more comfortable to walk on. It also provides insulation, helping to regulate the temperature of your space and reduce energy consumption.
Packing and palletizing
The floor is stacked one side up and one side down and packed in a box designed confirmed by customer, box sealed with transparent tape. The weight of a single package is controlled at about 20 kg, and the weight of a single pallet is about 1.2 tons. Each corner is added protection, and the pallet is fixed with plastic steel belts and wrapped with PVC film on the outside.
1. SPC is Durable
SPC flooring is engineered to withstand the toughest of conditions. Its core layer, composed of stone plastic composite, provides exceptional strength and resistance to impacts, scratches, and heavy foot traffic. This durability ensures that your SPC flooring will maintain its beauty and functionality for years to come, even in high-traffic areas.
2. Water Resistance
One of the standout features of SPC flooring is its excellent water resistance. Unlike traditional hardwood flooring or laminate flooring, SPC flooring won't warp or swell when exposed to moisture. This makes it an excellent choice for kitchens, bathrooms, and other areas prone to spills or humidity.
3. Realistic Aesthetics
SPC flooring offers a wide range of design options to suit any interior style. Modern manufacturing techniques allow for highly realistic wood, stone, and tile patterns.
You can achieve the look of hardwood, marble, or ceramic without the associated maintenance challenges. Whether you prefer a classic oak finish or a contemporary concrete appearance, SPC flooring has you covered.
4. SPC is Easy to Installation
SPC flooring is known for its straightforward installation process. Many SPC planks feature click-and-lock systems, eliminating the need for adhesives or nails. This not only makes installation faster and more convenient but also reduces the overall installation cost.
5. Low Maintenance
Maintaining SPC flooring is easy. Regular sweeping or vacuuming, coupled with occasional mopping using a mild detergent, is usually all that's required to keep it looking pristine. The robust surface layer resists stains and is easy to clean, saving you time and effort in the long run.
6. Comfort Underfoot
SPC flooring offers a comfortable underfoot experience, thanks to its built-in cushioning layer. This can help reduce foot fatigue and provide additional insulation, keeping your space quieter and more comfortable.
7. Environmentally Friendly
Many SPC flooring products are eco-friendly. They often contain recycled materials and are free from harmful chemicals like formaldehyde, making them a sustainable choice for environmentally conscious consumers. We do recommend doing a bit more research on each brand of SPC flooring to ebnsure they follow sustainable practices if you are concious about your carbon footprint.
8. Cost-Effective
When you factor in the durability, low maintenance requirements, and long lifespan of SPC flooring, it becomes a cost-effective choice compared to some other flooring options. It's an investment that pays off over time. SPC Rigid Core vinyl is a lot cheaper than real wood flooring and boasts many advantages that make it a low maintenance alternative.
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